Bullying y cyberbullying: diferencias en función del sexo en estudiantes de quinto y sexto curso de educación primaria
Autor:
Machimbarrena, Juan Manuel
; Garaigordobil, Maite
Fecha:
07/2018Palabra clave:
Revista / editorial:
Suma PsicológicaTipo de Ítem:
Articulo Revista IndexadaResumen:
La literatura científica ha encontrado resultados discrepantes en el análisis de
las diferencias en función del sexo en
bullying
y sobre todo en
cyberbullying
. Este estudio
tuvo como objetivo analizar estas diferencias entre sexos en una muestra del último ciclo de
educación primaria del País Vasco. Se administró el test “Cyberbullying: Screening de acoso
entre iguales”, a 1.993 (edad media = 10,68) participantes, el 50,2% niños y el 48,8% niñas.
En
bullying
los resultados muestran similar porcentaje de víctimas-puras, agresores-puros y
observadores en ambos sexos; únicamente se confirmó un porcentaje mayor de niños víc
-
timas-agresivas. Analizando las conductas sufridas y perpetradas, se encontró que un por
-
centaje significativamente mayor de niños participaba como víctima, agresor y observador
de agresiones físicas, verbales y psicológicas. La puntuación media de conducta sufrida,
realizada y observada fue también significativamente mayor en los niños. En
cyberbullying
los porcentajes en ambos sexos en todos los roles fueron similares. Sin embargo, al analizar
las conductas, se encontró que un porcentaje mayor de niños es víctima de agresiones para
grabarlas y subirlas a internet y que observa llamadas anónimas para asustar, mientras que
un mayor porcentaje de niñas observa conductas de acoso sexual. Finalmente, la puntuación
media de cibervictimización fue significativamente mayor en los niños. Este estudio aporta
información sobre una problemática de interés y resalta la importancia de crear programas
de intervención para niños y niñas de estas edades.
Descripción:
The scientific literature has found dissenting results upon analyzing gender-based differences in bullying-and especially in cyberbullying. This study undertook to analyze these differences between sexes in a sample of the last cycle of primary education in the Basque Country. The “Cyberbullying: Screening of peer harassment” test was administered to 1993 participants (average age = 10.68)-50.2% boys and 48.8% girls. As for bullying the results show a similar percentage of pure-victims, pure-bullies and bystanders in both sexes; only a higher percentage of victim-aggressive children was confirmed. Upon analyzing the behaviors suffered and perpetrated, it was found that a significantly higher percentage of children participated as victims, aggressors and bystanders of physical, verbal and psychological aggressions. The average score of behavior suffered, perpetrated and observed was also significantly higher in boys. Percentages in cyberbullying in both sexes were similar in all the roles. However, upon analyzing said behaviors, it was found that a greater percentage of children are victims of assaults (recording said assaults and uploading them to the Internet), and that they receive anonymous calls to scare them, whilst a greater percentage of girls observe behaviors of sexual harassment. Finally, the average cybervictimization score was significantly higher in children. This study provides information on a problem of public interest, and underscores the importance of creating intervention programs for children of these ages.
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