Los centros de rehabilitación laboral y el trastorno mental grave: la experiencia y el seguimiento de los usuarios en la Comunidad de Madrid
Autor:
Naranjo-Valentín, Raúl
; Cobo-Martínez, Fernando
; Rebolleda-Gil, Carlos
; González-Fraile, Eduardo
Fecha:
08/2018Palabra clave:
Revista / editorial:
Psychosocial InterventionTipo de Ítem:
Articulo Revista IndexadaResumen:
Una meta en el tratamiento de las personas con trastorno mental grave es su inserción laboral. Los centros de rehabilitación laboral (CRL) combinan diferentes estrategias para favorecer su inserción laboral. El objetivo es describir el estado de los exusarios del CRL tras su salida del dispositivo e identificar las posibles variables relacionadas con la obtención de empleo. Para ello se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional retrospectivo de casos y controles. Se comparó el grupo de sujetos que tuvieron actividad laboral tras la salida del recurso (n = 24) con los sujetos que no tuvieron ningún empleo (n = 46) de los CRL de Retiro y de Vallecas. Los resultados indican que las variables relacionadas con la obtención de empleo fueron el estado clínico previo del usuario (consumo de sustancias y número de ingresos hospitalarios), el tiempo de asistencia al CRL (p = .03), el apoyo directo (p = .019) e indirecto (p = .00), el entrenamiento en búsqueda activa de empleo (p = .018) y en preparación de CV y entrevista (p = .006), así como el tipo de salida del CRL (p = .00). Los resultados indican que los programas que se aplican en los centros de rehabilitación laboral son efectivos para la adquisición y mantenimiento de empleo. Es necesario un mayor número de estudios que ayuden a conocer mejor estos efectos.
Descripción:
A goal in the treatment of people with severe mental disorder is their insertion in the workplace. Labor rehabilitation centers (CRLs) combine different strategies to promote their employment. The aim is to describe the status of former CRL users after leaving the facility and to identify possible variables related to obtaining employment. An observational study with control group was carried out. The group of subjects who had labor activity after leaving the center (n = 24) was compared with the subjects who had no employment (n = 46) from the CRLs of Retiro and Vallecas. The variables related to obtaining employment were user's prior clinical status ( substance use and number of hospital admissions), direct (p = .019) and indirect (p = .00) support, training in active job search (p = .018), and in CV preparation and interview (p = .006), as well as the type of CRL output (p = .00). The results indicate that the programs that are applied in Labor Rehabilitation Centers are effective for the acquisition and maintenance of employment. A greater number of studies are needed to help better understand these effects.
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