The impact of physical activity levels on mental health and sleep quality in university online students

Abstract

Aim: Online university students face unique challenges that can impact their well-being, including sedentary lifestyles, prolonged screen exposure, and reduced physical activity. These factors have been linked to mental health issues, emphasizing the need to explore the role of physical activity in this specific population. This study aims to examine physical activity levels and the prevalence of mental health disorders, such as burnout, academic stress, sleep quality, and screen time among online university students. Subject and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 2204 university students (34.66 ± 9.15 years) undertaking an online university course. The students completed various self-report measures to assess life habits (sleep quality and screen time), physical activity levels, and indicators of mental health, including stress, anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. Results: Students who engaged in higher levels of physical activity reported fewer sleep problems and lower screen time on both weekdays and weekends. Also, significant differences were observed in academic stress, generally revealing better mental health outcomes. Gender differences were found in sleep problems, screen time, and depression, indicating that these variables may be influenced differently depending on gender. Conclusion: The findings suggest that physical activity influences sleep quality, screen habits, and six key mental health factors. Additionally, sleep problems, screen time, and depression should be addressed with a gender-specific approach in online education settings.