Entrenamiento de la fuerza explosiva en jugadores de fútbol juvenil
Autor:
Arriscado Alsina, Daniel
; Martínez, J.A.
Fecha:
2017Palabra clave:
Revista / editorial:
Journal of Sport and Health ResearchTipo de Ítem:
Articulo Revista IndexadaResumen:
Objetivo: Las exigencias condicionales en el fútbol son cada vez mayores, por lo que es necesario optimizar las capacidades físicas desde las etapas formativas, teniendo la fuerza explosiva un papel determinante sobre el rendimiento. Así, el objetivo del estudio fue comprobar la eficacia de un ciclo de entrenamiento sobre el rendimiento de la fuerza explosiva en jugadores juveniles de fútbol. Material y métodos: Se planteó un entrenamiento de siete semanas compuesto por cargas regulares, individualizadas y consistentes en ejercicios básicos de fuerza rápida y potencia. Éste se aplicó sobre un grupo intervención (n=13), comparando los resultados con un grupo control (n=12) sobre el que no se aplicó ningún estímulo específico de fuerza.
Para valorar la eficacia del programa se contempló el rendimiento en test de salto vertical y velocidad como variables de estudio. Resultados: El grupo intervención obtuvo mejoras significativas de más de un 4% en los test de fuerza explosiva vertical (saltos), así como un mantenimiento en los de fuerza horizontal (velocidad). Por su parte, el grupo control no experimentó diferencias significativas.
Conclusiones: Estos resultados demuestran la eficacia del programa en relación a las variables de fuerza vertical y la necesidad de implementarlo con ejercicios específicos de fuerza horizontal.
Descripción:
Aim: Physical requirements in football are increasing, so it is necessary to optimize physical capacities throughout the training stages, having explosive strength an important role in performance. The aim of the study was to analyse the efficacy of a training cycle on explosive strength performance in junior players. Material and methods: We designed a seven-week training programme that consisted of regular and individualized loads based on basic rapid force and power exercises. The programme was applied on an intervention group (n=13) and the results were compared with a control group (n=12) with no strength stimulus. Performance levels in vertical jump and speed tests were contemplated as variables to assess the efficacy of the training programme. Results: Intervention group showed significant differences of over 4% in vertical explosive strength tests (jumps), as well as maintenance in horizontal strength (speed). Conversely, the control group did not present significant differences. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the efficacy of the programme with regard to vertical strength variables and the need to introduce specific horizontal strength exercises.
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