Estudio de los movimientos oculares, la comprensión lectora y su influencia en el rendimiento escolar
Autor:
Tremps-Garín, María del Carmen
Fecha:
29/07/2014Palabra clave:
Tipo de Ítem:
masterThesis
Resumen:
Objetivo: este trabajo tiene como finalidad estudiar las relaciones entre los movimientos
oculares y la comprensión lectora en alumnos/as de 1º Primaria y su influencia en el
área de lengua y en el rendimiento académico. Metodología: para este estudio se ha
contado con una muestra de 60 escolares de entre 6 y 7 años divididos en dos grupos (de
alto y bajo rendimiento en lengua) a los que se les ha administrado el test K-D que evalúa
los movimientos sacádicos y la prueba de comprensión lectora ACL para, posteriormente,
realizar un análisis de los datos estadístico-descriptivos, correlacionales y de comparación
entre grupos. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos han mostrado una relación significativa
entre errores cometidos durante la lectura y la nota lograda en lengua y en el resto de
las áreas, al igual que entre la comprensión lectora y la nota en lengua y en el rendimiento
escolar; por el contrario, no se ha podido confirmar la vinculación entre rapidez lectora y
nota en lengua ni entre movimientos oculares y comprensión lectora. En la comparación
efectuada entre grupos se han encontrado diferencias significativas entre los errores cometidos
en K-D y la puntuación obtenida en la prueba ACL, no así respecto al tiempo utilizado
en el test K-D. Conclusiones: con esta investigación se pone de manifiesto las implicaciones
educativas que tienen tanto los movimientos oculares como la comprensión
lectora en el rendimiento escolar.
Descripción:
Objective: the main purpose of this academic paper is to study the relations between
eye movements and reading comprehension in pupils in their first Primary school year;
and also their influence in the language area and academic performance. Metodology:
this study is relied on a sample of 60 students between 6 and 7 years old divided in two
groups (separated in high and low performance in language levels). They have been administered
the test called K-D, which evaluates the saccades and the reading comprehension
test called ACL hence after this undertake an analysis of the statistical and descriptive
data, correlational and comparisons between groups. Results: the results show a significant
relation between the mistakes given throughout the reading, the score reached in the
subject of language and in the rest of the areas, equally between the comprehension reading,
the language score and the academic performance. On the contrary, it has been impossible
to confirm the correlation within the reading speed and language score, not even
eye movements and reading comprehension. Meaningful differences have been found
when comparing groups in the mistakes committed in K-D and the scored resulted of the
ACL test, not respect to time spent in the K-D test. Conclusions: this research reveals the
large number of educational implications of both eye movements and reading comprehension
in the academic performance.
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