Infección por bacterias multirresistentes en pacientes con trauma cráneo encefálico del servicio de terapia intensiva del hospital luis vernaza, ecuador

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the behavior of nosocomial infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria in patients with head trauma in the intensive care service of the Hospital Luis Vernaza. Materials and methods: It was an observational, retrospec-tive, and descriptive study in hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of head trauma in the intensive care service of the aforementioned hospital, from January to December 2016; the clinical data of the histories found in the medical records department were used. Results: Out of the 81 patients evaluated, the overall age was 32±14 years, 81% (n = 66) were men, the same percent-age (81%) had some type of nosocomial infection, with bron-chial secretion being the most frequently isolated site (38%; n=31), while 12% (n = 10) died. Among the subjects with in-fection, 41% (n=27) presented multidrug-resistant bacteria, being Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30%; n=8) and Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC (26%; n=7) the most isolated ones, with re-gard to antibiotic therapy, Meropenem + Vancomycin (33.3%; n=9) and Meropenem + Vancomycin + Piperazilin Tazobac-tam (22.2%; n=6) were the most used drugs. Conclusion: There is a high frequency of nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria in patients with head trauma, a factor of great importance in the evolution of this group of patients and in the approach of this serious problem in public health.