Mejora del Rendimiento Educativo mediante medición de Expectativa de Flow Grupal con Dispositivos Portátiles
Autor:
Rosas-Espín, David Antonio
Fecha:
2023Palabra clave:
Citación:
Rosas Espín, DA (2023). Mejora del Rendimiento Educativo mediante medición de Expectativa de Flow Grupal con Dispositivos Portátiles. [Tesis doctoral, UNIR]. Re-UNIRTipo de Ítem:
doctoralThesis
Resumen:
Esta tesis doctoral se centra en la Teoría Flow. Se justifica por la necesidad de conocer la motivación en términos de flow en grupos de personas, desde perspectivas fisiológicas. Concretamente, nos preguntamos si un sistema basado en dispositivos fisiológicos ponibles y técnicas computacionales mejora los niveles de flow y los rendimientos educativos en grupos escolares presenciales de Educación Primaria. Para ello, estudiamos 4 grupos-clase que participaron en proyectos STEAM, empleando Investigación-Acción, mediante un diseño cuasiexperimental de enfoque mixto, con pretest y postest, dos grupos de control y dos experimentales. Así, desarrollamos un Sistema de Alerta Temprana de Expectativa de Flow (SATEF), basado en dispositivos fisiológicos portátiles y modelos matemáticos. Este sistema, estima el absortamiento cognitivo y la motivación en escala EduFlow de los grupos, en base al ritmo cardiaco, y hace recomendaciones al docente, tras 5 minutos lectivos.
Encontramos que el SATEF mejora el estado del arte en la correlación fisiológica de las escalas de flow. Asimismo, en las experiencias realizadas, eliminó el fracaso académico, aumentaron los niveles de flow y mejoraron las calificaciones grupales. Además, demostramos que las escalas EduFlow y FKS presentan un correlato fisiológico con diversos parámetros cardiacos grupales. También, que la motivación producida por la vivencia o ausencia de estados de flow opera como una expectativa grupal generada en los minutos iniciales de las sesiones y decrece conforme avanzan. Además, demostramos que el docente maneja los grupos escolares en términos metacognitivos de flow. Igualmente, que el axioma del equilibrio entre competencias y retos de las tareas se justifica para los grupos mediante técnicas de análisis de datos no lineales. Finalmente, resolvemos la controversia sobre la correlación (positiva, negativa o nula) entre el ritmo cardiaco y las escalas de flow. Ello sugiere cambios conceptuales en la Teoría Flow y la necesidad de posteriores estudios.
Descripción:
This doctoral thesis focuses on the Flow Theory. It is justified by the need to understand motivation in terms of flow within groups of individuals, from physiological perspectives. Specifically, we question whether a system based on wearable physiological devices and computational techniques enhances flow levels and educational performance in face-to-face groups of primary school students. To do so, we studied four classroom groups that participated in STEAM projects, employing Action Research through a quasi-experimental mixed-methods design, with pretests and posttests, two control groups, and two experimental groups. Thus, we developed a Flow Expectation Early Warning System (SATEF), based on wearable physiological devices and mathematical models. This system estimates the cognitive absorption and the motivation on the EduFlow scale of the groups, based on the heart rate, and suggests recommendations to the teacher, after 5 teaching minutes.
We found that the SATEF improves the state of the art on the physiological correlation of the flow scales. Likewise, it eliminated academic failure, increased flow levels and improved group grades. In addition, we demonstrate that the EduFlow and FKS scales show a physiological correlate with various group cardiac parameters. Also, that the motivation produced by the experience or absence of flow states, operates as a group expectation generated in the initial minutes of the sessions and decreases as they progress. Also, that the teacher manages the school groups in metacognitive terms of flow. Likewise, that the axiom of the balance between competences and task challenges is justified for the groups through non-linear data analysis techniques. Finally, we resolve the controversy about the correlation (positive, negative, or null) between heart rate and flow scales. This suggests conceptual changes in the Flow Theory and the need for further studies.
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