• Hate Speech Directed at Spanish Female Actors: Penélope Cruz—A Case Study 

      Tello Díaz, Lucía; Martínez‐Valerio, Lizette (Violence, Hate Speech, and Gender Bias: Challenges to an Inclusive Digital Environment, 2025)
      Penélope Cruz is one of the most internationally acclaimed Spanish performers. However, despite her successful career, she is also one of the celebrities subject to most controversy on social media and the most frequent ...
    • The Semiotics of Xenophobia and Misogyny on Digital Media: A Case Study in Spain 

      Römer-Pieretti, Max; Montero-Díaz, Julio; Said-Hung, Elías Manuel (IGI Global, 2023)
      This chapter raises three questions: a) concerns a synthesis of the classic contributions of the reference semiotic authors that are considered when analysing hate speech in social media; b) entails presenting a case study ...