Functional Dependency, Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Preliminary Binational Quantitative Study

Abstract

The aging of the population is a global demographic trend. The present study aims to analyze and compare functional dependence, depressive symptoms, and quality of life among institutionalized older adults in two long-term nursing homes located in Chile and Colombia. A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive, and cross-sectional design was employed. The sample consisted of 67 institutionalized older adults, who were assessed using the Barthel Index (BI), the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale (Lawton-Brody iADL), the Yesavage Abbreviated Scale (GDS-15 scale), and WHOQOL-BREF. The results showed significant differences between the two nursing homes. Older adults in the Colombian group presented higher levels of functional dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (mean = 3.0 vs. 5.0; p < 0.001; r = 0.49) and higher depressive symptoms (mean = 6.5 vs. 3.8; p < 0.001; r = 0.56) compared to the Chilean group. Additionally, the Chilean group reported better perceived quality of life and health satisfaction (p = 0.006; r = 0.37). The findings highlight the importance of comprehensive care approaches in long-term care settings. Further longitudinal studies are required to assess changes in quality of life and functional dependence over time.