El Derecho Penal Económico ante las estafas informáticas: análisis dogmático y propuestas jurídicas frente al phishing, smishing, vishing y pharming
Autor:
Plaza-Rodríguez, Luis Antonio
Fecha:
08/01/2026Palabra clave:
Tipo de Ítem:
masterThesis
Resumen:
El presente trabajo analiza de forma exhaustiva la respuesta del Derecho Penal económico frente a las estafas informáticas, con especial atención a las modalidades de phishing, smishing, vishing y pharming. Se abordan sus aspectos conceptuales y jurídicos, la evolución legislativa en España, el análisis dogmático del tipo penal y la jurisprudencia penal relevante. Asimismo, se examinan las dificultades prácticas en la investigación de estos delitos y se proponen reformas legales y medidas jurídicas para mejorar su prevención y persecución. La investigación muestra que las nuevas tecnologías han dado lugar a fraudes cada vez más sofisticados y globales, lo que ha obligado al legislador a adaptar el Código Penal (por ejemplo, con la Ley Orgánica 14/2022) y a los tribunales a reinterpretar los elementos tradicionales del delito de estafa. Finalmente, se presentan propuestas de reforma legal y de políticas públicas orientadas a reforzar la protección penal frente a estas amenazas y a mejorar la eficacia en su investigación y sanción.
Descripción:
This comprehensive academic work examines the response of economic criminal law to computer fraud, with a focus on phishing, smishing, vishing, and pharming. It covers conceptual and legal analyses of these cyber scams, the legislative evolution in Spain, a dogmatic analysis of the criminal offense, and relevant case law. The study also explores practical difficulties in investigating such crimes and proposes legal reforms and measures to improve prevention and prosecution. The research shows that new technologies have led to increasingly sophisticated and transnational fraud schemes, prompting legislators to adapt the Spanish Criminal Code (e.g., through Organic Law 14/2022) and courts to reinterpret traditional elements of fraud. Finally, the paper offers reform proposals and policy recommendations aimed at strengthening criminal protection against these threats and improving effectiveness in their investigation and punishment.
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