BACKGROUND: Hepatitis delta is the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. We examined the clinical burden, epidemiological features and time trends for hepatitis delta patients hospitalized in Spain during the ...

Background: The prognosis of HIV infection dramatically improved after the introduction of triple antiretroviral therapy 25 years ago. Herein, we report the impact of further improvements in HIV management since then, ...

The medical demand imposed by COVID-19 has distracted proper care of other illnesses. Herein, we report the impact on new diagnoses of HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and HIV-2 in Spain, where these infections are mostly driven by immigration ...

La familia Retroviridae incluye 7 subfamilias. Los miembros de 2 de ellas infectan a humanos y son patogénicos. Se trata de los deltarretrovirus, de los cuales el human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV, «virus linfotrópico ...

Background: The advent of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines has been associated with a significant decline in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations and deaths. However, ...

Background: The emergence and rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents a major challenge to health services, and has disrupted social and economic activities worldwide. ...

A third wave of COVID-19 occurred after Christmas 2020 in Madrid, one of the European pandemic epicenters. We noticed 6 major differential features to previous waves. First, household contacts were a large proportion of ...

For two centuries, vaccines have been successful in the fight against viruses, triggering immune protection. Indeed, the elimination of smallpox, the only infectious disease eradicated to date, was made possible through ...

Vaccines and antivirals are the classical weapons deployed to contain, prevent, and treat life-threatening viral illnesses. Specifically, for SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccines protect against severe COVID-19 disease manifestations ...

The battle against human viral infections has histori-cally relied on two medical strategies, namely vaccines to protect from contagion and antivirals to treat infected patients. In the absence of vaccines, antivirals have ...