Desarrollo de aplicación para distribuir costaleros automáticamente usando algoritmos de optimización matemática.
Autor:
Luque-Ordóñez, Pedro José
Fecha:
08/03/2025Palabra clave:
Tipo de Ítem:
bachelorThesis
Resumen:
El objetivo de este Trabajo Fin de Grado es dar solución eficiente al problema de la asignación óptima de costaleros en los pasos de Semana Santa, mediante optimización matemática. Este proceso ha sido desarrollado tradicionalmente por el equipo de capataces, en base a la experiencia previa, pero sin ningún tipo de criterio matemático definido, haciendo de esta tarea una empresa ineficiente, ardua y sobre todo, costosa en tiempo.
Para ello se proyecta, mediante programación lineal y optimización matemática, minimizar la diferencia de altura entre los costaleros y sus trabajaderas, persiguiendo que todos estén lo más cerca posible de la trabajadera, minimizando el uso de suplementos para compensar dicha falta de altura.
Se han examinado diferentes algoritmos cómo los voraces, back tracking con y sin poda, programación dinámica y el algoritmo de Kuhn – Munkres, eligiendo este último cómo la mejor solución para este problema.
El resultado de este trabajo es un hito en la organización de cuadrillas de costaleros, ya que se reduce el tiempo necesario para la distribución de estos, repercutiendo en una mejor Inter movilidad dentro del paso. Además, facilita la gestión de posibles imprevistos, ya que ante un posible imprevisto, el tiempo de reacción es limitado, y tener una herramienta que automáticamente te dé la mejor solución ayuda.
La solución tecnológica propuesta es una aplicación multiplataforma en React-Native, conectado con una solución en la nube para el manejo de los datos cómo es Firebase, permitiendo al capataz administrar ensayos, pasos o costaleros de forma eficiente.
Descripción:
The purpose of this project is to use mathematical optimisation to allocate Easter processions float-bearers efficiently.
Traditionally, this process has been carried out manually by the overseer and his team based on their experience and without a mathematical approach. As a result, this task is often inefficient, arduous, and most importantly, time-consuming.
To address this issue, a linear programming and mathematical optimization model-based has been developed to reduce the height difference between float-bearers and their corresponding support beams. The main goal is to ensure that all float-bearers are as close as possible to each support beam, reducing the need for height compensation with additional supports.
Several algorithmic approaches were researched, including greedy algorithms, backtracking with and without pruning, and dynamic programming. Ultimately, the Kuhn – Munkres algorithm, which was selected, due to is the most suitable solution for this problem, given its efficiency in finding an optimal allocation.
The implementation of this system represents a milestone in the management of float-bearer teams. It significantly reduces the time required for their allocation and improves internal mobility within the Passion floats. Moreover, it facilitates decision – making in unforeseen situations, where a fast reassignment of bearers is required.
The proposed technological solution consists of a cross-platform application developed in React-Native, integrated with a cloud-based backend using Firebase. This system enables the overseer to efficiently manage bearers, Passion floats and procession trials efficiently.
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