Metrics of film success: defining the 21st-century blockbuster in the USA through theatrical release and profitability

Abstract

The term ‘blockbuster’ has evolved to signify cinematic success. This study aims to quantify blockbuster attributes by analysing the top 100 highest-grossing films in the twenty first century (2001–2022) using parameters such as revenue, budget, theatrical presence and profitability. The hypothesis advanced encompasses concentrated revenue distribution, the influence of budget and theatrical release on performance, as well as production method (Live action, Animation, or a combination of both). The research deepens understanding of commercial dynamics, highlighting the multifaceted nature of modern blockbuster success. The analysis indicates that film budgets correlate with revenue but not always with profitability. Theatrical release size did not consistently relate to profit, indicating other influences. Only a fraction of top earners met blockbuster criteria, suggesting success is not solely in line with the blockbuster model. Animated and animation/live-action films had better chances of meeting the criteria due to broad appeal.